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frame The European Referendum Campaign (ERC) was an independent, Europe-wide, cross party network of NGOs and individuals which intended to bring together campaigners to fight for democratic development within the European Union.〔European Referendum Campaign: (''Who We Are'' )〕 Its sole objective was to gain as many referendums on the new EU Lisbon Treaty in as many EU member states as possible. The ERC was supported by the NGO ''Mehr Demokratie'', and by ''Democracy International'', a split-off of ''Mehr Demokratie'', whos people also created the European Citizens' Initiative.〔(democracy-international.org/eci.html ), an archive the erc2.org website〕 The ERC cooperated with the European political party ''EUDemocrats – Alliance for a Europe of Democracies'', as inspired and presided by Jens-Peter Bonde. ==History== The European Referendum Campaign began in 2002 and focused on reaching referendums on the European Constitution. The ERC lobbied the Convention on the Future of Europe to produce something that would be understood by the people, and, regardless of the outcome of the convention, put the product to an EU-wide referendum.〔(de) Sebastian Sedlmayr: (''Start für Referendum über EU-Verfassung'' ) ''(Start of a referendum on the EU Constitution)'', taz, 16 November 2002〕 By 2003 the campaign began to gather momentum, the ERC joined forces with ''Referendum04'', ''Vote 2004'' and ''Trust the People'', as well as other campaigns fighting for referendums across Europe.〔Philip Johnston: (''Three in four want Euro referendum'' ), The Daily Telegraph, 15 October 2003〕 In the Netherlands, It was the local ERC team who lobbied for a referendum there. The law to pass the referendum was drafted by a member of the ERC team, Niesco Dubbelboer, who was a Dutch MP at the time. It ceased the effort in 2004. By the end, the campaign was supported by 293 organisations from across Europe as well as 97 members of the Convention on the Future of Europe who drew up the original EU Constitution (draft).〔Democracy International: (''European Referendum Campaign'' )〕 The ERC continued to fight for referendums on the new EU Lisbon Treaty.〔Toby Helm and Bruno Waterfield: (''Calls for EU treaty referendum across Europe'' ), The Daily Telegraph, 20 October 2007〕 The ERC stated that the new treaty is the same as the previous European Constitution〔Open Europe: (''A guide to the constitutional treaty'' ), August 2007, on the Mehr Demokratie (More Democracy) web〕〔Open Europe: (''The Constitutional Treaty: A Comparative Text'' )〕 and that the treaty contains fundamental changes to the framework of the EU. Therefore the consent of citizens is needed in order to legitimise treaty. The ERC did not hold a position on the treaty itself and whether or not it should be enforced. The ERC campaigned only against the undemocratic ratification process.〔see the (''Appeal'' ) of the ERC〕 The Lisbon Treaty came into effect on 1 December 2009. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「European Referendum Campaign」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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